Carpentry Tools for Engineering Students

The principal hand tools used in a carpentry shop can be classified as:

1) Marking, Measuring and Inspecting Tools:
Marking and measurement is very important in carpentry for producing the component to an exact size. The following tools are used for the above purpose:

Pencil, Pencil compass, Divider, Carpenter Folding scale, Carpenter Scale ruler, Straight Edge, Steel Tape, Try square, Bevel and meter square, Combination square, Metre Gauge, Cutting Gauge, Calliper, Marking Gauge, Sprit Level.

2) Cutting Tools:
The cutting tools can be classified into the following three categories:

a) SAWS: A saw consist of a wooden handle, a thin string steel and a hardened and tempered steel blade having a series of sharp teeth on the angle. This is one of the most commonly used working tools and in cheaply used for parting wooden pieces. Types of saw depend upon its application.

b) Chisels: Chisels are cutting tools consisting of a steel blade and wooden handle. they are used for fitting, shaping and surface decoration of wooden pieces.

Following are the different types of chisels:

i) Fireman chisel or Flat chisel: this is the most useful general purpose tool used by a carpenter. It is everter used by hand or by striking with mallet.
ii) Mardine Chisels: As its name suggests it is used for cutting heavy pieces or cutting out murtiries.
iii) Strike Chisel: It is a general purpose chisel but it is mostly used for nurturing.
iv) Gauge: Gauge are chisel with hollow shaped curved blades, are used for scooping or cutting round blades.

3) Striking Tools:
A tool which is used for striking against nail, on cheif hand-led etc. For application of pressure to drive them inside the wood. Most common used striking tools in carpentry section are different type of hammers and mallets.

Hammers: a) Cross pen hammer b) Claw hammer
Claw hammers are mainly used for pulling out nails that get accidentally bend during use.

Mallet: A mallet is made of hard wood and may be rectangular or round in shape. It is used to give light blows to tools having wooden handle like chisel gauge.

Holding Tools: To enable the carpenter to perform different operation accurately, the workpiece must be held firmly. Following are the commonly used tools device for holding works.

Carpenter Bench vise
Bench Stop:
Is used for supporting the work during the operation. Bar clamp and ‘T’ clamp or Parallel clamp.

Planning Tools:

• Planning tools or planes are used for saving or smoothening plane surface. The commonly used planes in carpentry shapes are given below.
• Jack Plane: There are two types of Jack plane used in carpentry shop.
  a) Wooden Jack Plate
  b) Metal Jack Plane: Jack planes are availble in size from 350mm to 450 mm with blade width from 50 to 75mm. These planes are used for rough planning of wood.
• ‘C’ clamp or ‘e’ clamp
• Hand screw or parallel screw clamp

Miscellaneous Tools
Screw Drivers
Rasp Files: Used for pulling out nails from wood.

Oil Stone
It is used for sharpening the edge of the cutting tools. They are available in different varieties like medium and fine.

Pliers: Pliers are often used for performing tough jobs like wire and nail cutting, bending and pulling. Different types are:
Holding pliers, Cutting pliers, Vice pliers, Adjustable pliers

Safety precautions while working with hand tools:

• Clamp the stocks rigidly and securely
• While cutting the chisels the cutting operation must proceed away from the body.
• Use proper tools in proper place as per the requirements of the operation.
• Never use a dull, damaged or broken cutting tool
• Use the tools at the proper place.
• Never smoke in carpentry shop.
• Store inflammable materials like kerosene, gasolene, turpentine etc at a separate place, preferably away from the shop.
• Keep the shop clean and dry.

Note: For necessary drawings and sketches refer the book ‘Carpentry a complete guide’ by H.S.Bawa.

MTWS-Practical:

Carpentry in short is a trade or work of a carpenter. A carpenter is a worker who also work on a timber as used in building, house, making furniture and other wooden or timber fixtures.

Timber:
Timber is another of wood. It is an important engineering material that is used widely in buildings and Industries. Acc to quality of wood, timber classified as:

• Soft Timber
• Hard Timber

Wood is obtained from teak, sal, oak, shisham, mango, neem and babool is known as hard wood.

Soft wood is light in color and is lighter in weight whereas hard wood is dark in color and heavier in weight.

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