Courts in India

Indian Courts (Portal)
The ‘Indiancourts’ is a bouquet of Web Sites of the Supreme Court and all the High Courts and their Benches in India. It provides a single point access to information related to the Supreme Court and any High Court in India. The Web Sites of the Supreme court and High Courts provide Litigant centric dynamic information like Judgments, Causelists, Case-status, etc. as well as static Information such as History, Jurisdiction, Rules, Past and present judges, etc.

The Judgment Information system (JUDIS) consists of the Judgments of the Supreme court of India and several High Courts. In the case of the Supreme Court all reported Judgments which are published in SCR Journal, since its inception i.e. 1950 till date are available. The Judgments reported in SCR till 1993 also have head-notes. The judgments reported in SCR in 1994 and later have only text of judgments with out head-notes.
Main website: http://indiancourts.nic.in/

Ministry of Law & Justice
Ministry of Law and Justice is the oldest ministry of the Government of India dating back to 1833 when the Charter Act 1833 enacted by the British Parliament.

It comprises of the Legislative Department and the Department of Legal Affairs. The Department of Legal Affairs is concerned with advising the various Ministries of the Central Government while the Legislative Department is concerned with drafting of principal legislation for the Central Government.

Website/s:
http://lawmin.nic.in/
http://doj.gov.in/

Supreme Court of India
Address: The Registrar, Supreme Court of India, Tilak Marg, New Delhi-110 201 (India)
Website: supremecourtofindia.nic.in

Bombay High Court
The Registrar General, Bombay High Court, Fort, Mumbai -32.
Website: bombayhighcourt.nic.in

Q) Write a short note on the structure of the criminal and civil courts in India.

Answer.

Criminal Courts: The criminal courts comprise of magistrates of first or second class and the session court. The appeal for the criminal cases lie from the Session Court and then to the High Court. The lesser degree criminal cases can be handled under the magistrates functioning under the Session Judges. The Chief Metropolitan Magistrate is the head of the Courts of Metropolitan Magistrates in metropolitan areas. Disputes at village level are resolved in Panchayat that are further appealable at District and Sessions Court.
Civil Courts: The highest court in each district is the District Court. This is the principal court of original civil jurisdiction besides High Court of the State and which derives its jurisdiction in civil matters primarily from the code of civil procedure. Civil cases at the sub-district level are appealed in sub- district or munsif courts. The people can directly appeal to these courts and the appeal then goes to district court and then to the High Court.

Role of Attorney General of India

The Attorney General (AG) is basically the chief legal advisor to the Indian government, and is also the primary lawyer in the Supreme Court of India.

The Attorney General represents the Government of India in all cases (including suits, appeals and other proceedings) in the Supreme Court, where Government of India is concerned. He also represents the Government of India in any reference made by the President to the Supreme Court under Article 143 of the Constitution.

Here are some more facts about the AG:

• He is selected by the Government and acts as its advocate
• He is appointed by the President of India under Article 76(1) of the Constitution and holds office during the pleasure of the President.
• He must be a person qualified to be appointed as a Judge of the Supreme Court.
• The Attorney General has the right of audience in all Courts in India as well as the right to participate in the proceedings of the Parliament, though not to vote.

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