Tourist (Geography): Destinations and development of tourism in India

Tourist destinations and development of tourism in India (Notes, essays, projects, question and answers).

Tourism Class X (Class 10) Project

In today’s world, Tourism is being recognized as an industry that generates several social economic benefits. It promotes national integration and international understanding. It helps in improving infrastructure, creates employment opportunities, and allows a country to earn valuable foreign exchange.

Development of Tourism in India

The roots of Tourism in India can be traced to pilgrimage. In the past, only local tourists visited holy places. However nowadays an increasing number of foreign tourists have started visiting these places.

Ministry of Tourism was founded in 1967 and ITDC (Indian Tourism Development Corporation) was set up in 1966 to boost organized tourism in India.

The main focus on the subsequent five-year plans where:

• Development of tourist places and areas.
• Development of adventure sports, winter sports, wildlife, beach resorts.
• Development of culture-oriented tourism, leisure tourism.
• Restoration of national heritage projects.

Places of tourist interest in India

There are several places of tourist interests in India which includes places of archaeological and historical importance, pilgrimage centres, sanctuaries national parks, hill resorts, sea beaches and so on.

• The Himalayas: The Himalayas present one of the major attraction due to its snow cover peaks, waterfalls, valleys, gorges, high altitudes for trekking and hiking. The entire stretch of the Himalayas from Jammu & Kashmir on the west, to Arunachal Pradesh and Meghalaya in the East offer several tourist attractions.

  Srinagar, Gulmarg, Pahalgam, Amarnath, Vaishno Devi, Leh are some of the popular places for tourism in the Himalayas.

• Historical monuments and archaeological sites: India has a rich cultural heritage and has several cultural, heritage and archaeological sites such as Ajanta, Ellora, Taj Mahal in Agra (one of the seven wonders of the world), Golden Temple, Qutub Minar, Char Minar, India Gate, Gateway of India, and so on.

• Sea beaches: India has a huge coastline and the sprawling beaches on the eastern and western coast of India holds special interest among tourists.

  Some of the famous beaches in India are Goa, Puri in Odisha, Kovalam in Kerala, Marina In Chennai, Juhu in Mumbai, beaches of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, beaches of Mahabalipuram and Lakshadweep.

Factors responsible for development of tourism industry

There are certain important resources necessary for tourism industry to flourish.

Physical factors such as pleasant climate specially sunny conditions, mountains lakes forest, coastal areas, beaches, necessary for tourism.

Places of historical or architectural interest, places, temples, art galleries, historical monuments attract visitors.

Economic importance of tourism and its advantages.

Tourism in India has helped in socio-economic development, cultural growth, and promotes national integration.

Here are some economic advantages of tourism for India:

• Earns valuable foreign exchange: Tourism helps the country earn foreign exchange. the number of foreign tourists visiting India has been increasing substantially over the year due to organised tourism. There also has been increase in business travel due to improved Hotel Management and introduction of better technologies in communication.

  The metro cities in India such as Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore have experienced increased business travel. A lot of people also combine business with pleasure. The duration of stay of a foreign tourist in India is also an indicator of foreign exchange earned by the country.

• Rise of domestic tourism: Growing Indian economy, higher disposable incomes and better marketing and promotion have helped in increased awareness among the Indian people about tourism. There are now more choices in travel, and better connectivity of rail, road and airports throughout India.

Eco-Tourism in India

This is the most recent trend in India in tourism and is being promoted by ecological and socially conscious people. Eco tourism focuses on conservation of environment in tourism so that flora, Fauna and cultural heritage is not adversely affected due to increased travel.

This sector believes in preserving the social and cultural tradition of Indian society, and preserving the cultural diversity, thereby generating employment for the local population.

In the North East, several villages now offer Home-stay programs for trekkers and travellers which helps in conservation and village development.

In Nagaland, a Green project has been set up that includes hiking, folk dances, sight-seeing that helps preserve the serenity of the environment.

Similarly, in Kerala, several eco-development projects has been established by the local Adivasis to promote Eco tourism.

Problems Related to Tourism

Although efforts are being taken to conserve biological diversity, the fact is that tourism does have an adverse impact on the peaceful environment and disturbs the flora and fauna.

The development of tourism depends upon the development of infrastructure, highways, railways, airports, telecommunication, hotels and more. The main aim of tourism is to generate high revenue which often leads to encroachment of virgin lands, deforestation and disturbs ecological balance.

Hence, it is important that tourism is regulated and the aim should be to protect the environment rather than focus only on profits.

Availability of trained tourist guides: Until recently, lack of trained tourist guides posed problems for tourist, especially for those who wanted to visit places of historical interest.

But now, the government of India has created guidelines on how to train tourist guides for Heritage tourism.

Related: Guidelines On The Training Course For Tour Guide And Heritage Tour Guide

Future Prospects

Despite the several problems that tourism faces in India, there is great scope for tourism development in India.

Here are some of the ways in which tourism can further be developed in India.

Make travel and tourism a strategy economic priority giving ample opportunities and unemployment within the sector.

Pursue sustainable development through planned and well organised tourism expansion.

Provide incentive to private sector and invest in human resources.

Minimise impact of tourism on environment. Focus on steady and sustainable growth in tourism while stressing upon safety, comfort and satisfaction of tourists as top priorities.

Tourism Class 12 Notes

Q. What is tourism?
Tourism involves travelling to relatively undisturbed areas with specific object of studying, enjoying the scenery found in these areas.

Q. What are the problems of Indian tourism industry?

• i) inadequacies of infrastructural facilities adversely affect tourism.
• ii) satisfaction of the tourist should be the top priority of the tourist industry. A dissatisfied tourist can be worst thing that can happen as publicity.
• iii) political unrest and fear of violence is a death knell to tourist industry.
• iv) epidemics are also detrimental to tourism.

Q. Mention the effects of tourism on environment.
The unplanned and unrestricted growth of tourism has a detrimental effect on tourism. Almost all the popular tourist centres are growing under the pressure of annual visitors and quite often facing difficult situation. The unplanned and unchecked growth of tourist centres deprives them of their original charm and ultimately proves disastrous. The Taj mahal at Agra facing the same problem.

Q. Name few wildlife and national parks in India.
1)Corbet national park, Uttarakhand. 2) Kanha national park, Madhya Pradesh.
3) Kaziranga wildlife sanctuary, Assam.4) Manas wildlife sanctuary, Assam.

Q. Explain the role played by Indian railways in tourism development.
Indian railways have recognised its role in tourism development. The launching of Rajdhani express, Shatabdi express is a step to the right direction palace on wheel is already operational in Rajasthan. Land for about 100 hotels at various railway stations has been set apart to augment accommodation for the tourists.

Q. Which place of India is famous for annual crafts mela?
Faridabad.

Q. What do you mean by “golden triangle”?
Delhi, Agra and Jaipur form the world famous “golden triangle”.

Q. Name 3 important tourist spots of Chandigarh.
Rock garden, rose garden, Sokhna lake are the most important tourist attractions of Chandigarh.

Q. Name the places which form desert triangle.
Jaisalmer, jodhpur and Bikaner form the famous desert triangle.

Q.Mention one reason for sudden decline in foreign tourism in India.
As a result of September 11,2001 incident in the United States, tourist arrivals dropped by 21 %compared to the previous year. Revival has been noticed after October 2002.

ICSE CLass X Geography Project

Question: Development of tourism in India

Aim, Background
Factors responsible for the development of Tourism Industry: Climatic Factors, cultural Factors, Infrastructure
Advantages of Tourism Industry.
Development of Tourism in India
Tourist Destinations in India – Delhi, Agra, Jaipur, Khajuraho, Kolkata, Temples of Tamil Nadu
Other Tourist Destinations in India – Mumbai, Ajanta & Ellora, Goa, Ooty, Kerala, Karnataka, Hyderabad, North Eastern states

Adverse effect of tourism on the environment.
Contribution of GOI towards the development of tourism industry.
Conclusion. Bibliography.

Topic- Development of Tourism in India

The incredible Indian tourism sector has witnessed the culture of tourism and hospitality of varied arrays. Domestic and international tourism had improved with pace of time, which had its positive impact on increase in employment generation and development of infrastructure and communication system in the nation. But, post the outbreak of Covid 19, not only the tourism industry but also its allied industries like hospitality, handicraft, transport and travelling, etc. have been hampered, thus, making its immediate revival an imperative.

During this Covid times, when we are challenged to make outdoor plans to places of tourist interest, let us avail the opportunity to gain rich insights in domain of Indian Tourism Industry by an interview session. The session will be organized with the ex- Director General of Tourism of India on date on 3 rd May,2021 via online meet. Prepare a questionnaire on the basis of your project topic to interview the honorable resource person.

The project work on the given topic will be designed by you under following points:

• a) Concept, meaning and definition of ‘Tourism’ by The World Travel and Tourism Council and the World Tourism Organization.
• b) Briefly discuss the places of Tourist Interest in India in the following regions: The Himalayan region, The Great Plain of North India, The Peninsular region and coastal plains- Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Kerala.
• c) Trend of growth of Tourism in India between 2010 to year 2020 in terms of (FTA) Foreign Tourists Arrival and Domestic Tourism.
• d) Prospects and Problems of Tourism in India: Social, Economic, Environmental and Cultural in 21st Century with special context to impact after wreck on Covid -19.
• e) Role and prospects of Eco tourism in India as ‘responsible tourism’.
• f) Suggest at least five strategies for survival and to boost the tourism industry post Covid 19.

Please note:

• a) Your work should not bear any trace of plagiarism of content
• b) Attach relevant data and figures from reliable sources of research during writing of project,
• c) Attach map of India showing places of Tourist Interests
• d) Maintain a neat list of the Bibliography
• e) Attach relevant photos in appropriate order of subtopics to support your work. Do not forget to provide title to the photos and maps.
• f) You are required to do neat work in ONE of the following ways as per your feasibility in this

Question: Class X: Geography Project. Tourist Destination and development of tourism industry in South India, Tamil Nadu. Case Study – Nilgiris.

1) Must interview 10 samples. 2) prepare a questionnaire (questionnaire should include general information such as name, age, native place, number of visits, etc., specific information about a particular area of interest and attraction, tourism Industries role in economic upliftment of the country, eco-tourism, advantages and disadvantages faced by the local people.)

References

COVID crisis hits tourism industry hard; India sees 70% job losses
https://english.jagran.com/lifestyle/covid-crisis-hits-tourism-industry-hard-india-sees-70-job-losses-italy-and-mexico-worstaffected-nations-10015513

India Tourism Statistics, 2019, A comprehensive study of India Tourism Industry in2019
https://blinkvisa.com/blog/india tourism-statistics-2019

India’s Tourism Satellite Account 2002-03, Final Report ,Commissioned by Ministry of Tourism, National Council of Applied Economic Research
https://tourism.gov.in/sites/default/files/2020-04/011-TSAI.pdf

Travel industry among hardest hit by coronavirus lockdown
https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/economy/travel-industry-hit-hard-by-the-coronavirus-clampdown/article31149014